This chapter covers topic 1.4 from the official CompTIA Network+ blueprint: Explain the purpose and properties of routing and switching. The chapter begins with Layer 2-specific technologies, including virtual LANs (VLANs) and the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). It then continues with a high-level analysis of network routing protocols, with a focus on functionality and technical constraints. The characteristics of both IPv4 and IPv6 routing protocols will be discussed, although from a design perspective they are similar in many aspects.
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