The most common protocols, organized by the TCP/IP layer they operate at, are presented in Table 5.2 below:
Table 5.2 – TCP/IP Layers and Their Protocols
TCP/IP Layer
Protocol
Application
HTTP
HTTPS/TLS
FTP
TFTP
POP3
SMTP
IMAP
SIP
RTP
DHCP
DNS
Telnet
SSH
SNMP
NTP
Transport
TCP
UDP
Internet
IPv4
IPv6
ICMP
IGMP
Network Access
ARP
Port numbers are assigned to different protocols and services so that a user will know how and what to access at the other end and to identify specific applications . . .
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