Efficiently assigning IP addresses to the network is a critical design decision, impacting the scalability of the network and the routing protocol that can be used. IPv4 addressing has the following characteristics:
- IPv4 addresses are 32 bits in length.
- IPv4 addresses are divided into various classes (for example, Class A networks accommodate more than 16 million unique IP addresses, Class B networks support more than 65 thousand IP addresses, and Class C networks permit 254 usable IP addresses). Originally, organizations applied for an entire network in one of these classes. Today, however, subnetting allows a . . .
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