Border Gateway Protocol
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the only exterior gateway protocol in use today, and its role is to exchange routing information between organizations. BGP is a standard-based protocol defined in RFC 4271 and is the successor of EGP.
BGP Necessity
BGP is used to route between ASs and is considered a path vector routing protocol. Its metric is based on multiple attributes that you can tune and control in order to affect which path through ASs data is taken (this is, in fact, the routing decision). This is more of a policy based routing approach . . .
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