Border Gateway Protocol is the only exterior gateway protocol in use today and its role is primarily to exchange routing information between organizations. BGP is a standard-based protocol defined in RFC 4271 and is the successor of EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol).
Necessity of BGP
BGP is used to route between ASs and is considered to be a path vector routing protocol. Routing decisions are based on multiple attributes that can be tuned and controlled, resulting in the particular path the AS’s data will take (i.e., this is the routing decision). This is more of a policy based . . .
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