The OSI Model
Open Standards Interconnection (OSI) was created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). With the technology boom came the rise of several giants in the fields of networking devices and software, including Cisco, Microsoft, Novell, IBM, HP, Apple, and others. Each vendor had their own cable types and ports and ran their own communication protocols. This caused major problems if you wanted to buy routers from one company, switches from another, and servers from yet another.
There were workarounds for these problems, such as deploying gateways on the network that could translate between . . .
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