There are many millions of routes on the Internet. If these routes all had to be stored individually, the Internet would have come to a stop many years ago. Route summarisation, also known as supernetting, was proposed in RFC 1338, which you can read online by clicking on the RFC - www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1338.html.
If you want to read a very comprehensive guide to route summarisation, then please grab a hold of Jeff Doyle’s excelling Cisco book . . .
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