Tunnelling, the second method of integrating IPv6 and IPv4 networks, entails encapsulating the IPv6 packets or datagrams and sending them over IPv4 networks. In order to support the different tunnelling mechanisms that will be described in this section, Cisco IOS edge routers must have a dual-stack implementation that allows the IPv6 packets to be encapsulated in IPv4 packets, and then de-encapsulated at the terminating router. It should be noted that intermediate routers do not need to run IPv6. In other words, these routers would simply be IPv4-only routers. Figure 8.1 below illustrates a typical tunnelling implementation . . .
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