While the management and control planes are concerned with data that is destined for the local router or switch, the forwarding or data plane is concerned with data that is traversing the router or switch. Securing the data plane entails securing the actual flows through the router or switch. In Cisco IOS software, a plethora of tools can be used to secure the data plane.
Troubleshooting data plane issues depends on the technology that has been implemented to secure the data plane. As always, a solid understanding of these technologies makes the troubleshooting process that much simpler. The following sections . . .
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